2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-10256
    Adezmapimod
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Adezmapimod (SB 203580) is a selective and ATP-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 500 nM for SAPK2a/p38 and SAPK2b/p38β2, respectively. Adezmapimod inhibits LCK, GSK3β and PKBα with IC50s of 100-500-fold higher than that for SAPK2a/p38. Adezmapimod does not disrupt JNK activity and is an autophagy and mitophagy activator.
    Adezmapimod
  • HY-10295
    SB 202190
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    SB 202190 is a selective p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 100 nM for p38α and p38β2, respectively. SB 202190 binds to the ATP pocket of the active recombinant human p38 kinase with a Kd of 38 nM. SB 202190 has anti-cancer activity and rescued memory deficits. SB202190 induces autophagy.
    SB 202190
  • HY-10261
    Afatinib
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Afatinib (BIBW 2992) is an orally active, potent and irreversible dual specificity inhibitor of ErbB family (EGFR and HER2), with IC50 values of 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 10 nM and 14 nM for EGFRwt, EGFRL858R, EGFRL858R/T790M and HER2, respectively. Afatinib can be used for the research of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and gastric cancer.
    Afatinib
  • HY-10320
    Doramapimod
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Doramapimod (BIRB 796) is an orally active, highly potent p38 MAPK inhibitor, which has an IC50 for p38α=38 nM, for p38β=65 nM, for p38γ=200 nM, and for p38δ=520 nM. Doramapimod has picomolar affinity for p38 kinase (Kd=0.1 nM). Doramapimod also inhibits B-Raf with an IC50 of 83 nM.
    Doramapimod
  • HY-14654
    Aspirin
    		Activator 99.82%
    Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid) is an orally active, potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 5 and 210 μg/mL, respectively. Aspirin induces apoptosis. Aspirin inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Aspirin also inhibits platelet prostaglandin synthetase, and can prevent coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis.
    Aspirin
  • HY-118034
    MTBT
    		Activator
    MTBT is an anticancer agent and p38 activator with antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing (apoptosis) activities. MTBT increases the phosphorylation of histone H3 serine in cancer cells, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the M phase. SB203580 (HY-10256), a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, abolished MTBT-induced cell cycle arrest.
    MTBT
  • HY-P10414A
    Klotho-derived peptide 1 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1 human) hydrochloride blocks TGF-β/TGF-β receptor 2 interaction, inhibits TGF-β-induced activation of Smad2/3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and exhibits anti-fibrotic and kidney protective effects in mouse model.
    Klotho-derived peptide 1 hydrochloride
  • HY-14654B
    Aspirin DL-lysine
    		Activator
    Aspirin DL-lysine (ASA DL-lysine) is a lysine-containing aspirin derivative. Aspirin DL-lysine inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) in platelets, blocks the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and thus inhibits platelet aggregation and activation. Aspirin DL-lysine can be used to study thrombin generation in patients with unstable angina pectoris.
    Aspirin DL-lysine
  • HY-B1081A
    Oxidopamine hydrobromide
    		Inducer 99.95%
    Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) hydrobromide is an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Oxidopamine hydrobromide is a widely used neurotoxin and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons. Oxidopamine hydrobromide promotes COX-2 activation, leading to PGE2 synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion. Oxidopamine hydrobromide can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease (PD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
    Oxidopamine hydrobromide
  • HY-B1081
    Oxidopamine hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.91%
    Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) hydrochloride is an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Oxidopamine hydrochloride is a widely used neurotoxin and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons. Oxidopamine hydrochloride promotes COX-2 activation, leading to PGE2 synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion. Oxidopamine hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease (PD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
    Oxidopamine hydrochloride
  • HY-125817
    BI-3406
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    BI-3406 (compound I-6) is an orally active, highly potent and selective inhibitor of the interaction between KRAS and Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1) with an IC50 of 6 nM. BI-3406 potently reduces the formation of GTP-loaded KRAS, and inhibits MAPK pathway signaling. BI-3406 has anticancer activity.
    BI-3406
  • HY-10256A
    Adezmapimod hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.71%
    Adezmapimod (SB 203580; RWJ 64809) hydrochloride is a selective and ATP-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 500 nM for SAPK2a/p38 and SAPK2b/p38β2, respectively. Adezmapimod hydrochloride inhibits LCK, GSK3β and PKBα with IC50s of 100-500-fold higher than that for SAPK2a/p38. Adezmapimod hydrochloride does not disrupt JNK activity and is an autophagy and mitophagy activator.
    Adezmapimod hydrochloride
  • HY-N1914
    Ergothioneine
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    Ergothioneine is an imidazole-2-thione derivative with orally active histidine betaine. Ergothioneine is a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK and Akt, which plays a protective role in cell apoptosis induced by stress. Ergothioneine has antioxidant activity.
    Ergothioneine
  • HY-148748
    Butyzamide
    		Activator 99.62%
    Butyzamide is an orally active activator of Mpl, a thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor. Butyzamide increases the phosphorylation level of JAK2, STAT3, STAT5 and MAPK. Butyzamide increases the level of human platelets in mouse xenotransplantation assay.
    Butyzamide
  • HY-108635
    C16-PAF
    		Activator 99.85%
    C16-PAF (PAF (C16)), a phospholipid mediator, is a platelet-activating factor and ligand for PAF G-protein-coupled receptor (PAFR). C16-PAF exhibits anti-apoptotic effect and inhibits caspase-dependent death by activating the PAFR. C16-PAF is a potent MAPK and MEK/ERK activator. C16-PAF induces increased vascular permeability.
    C16-PAF
  • HY-N0439
    Asiaticoside
    		99.84%
    Asiaticoside, a trisaccaride triterpene from Centella asiatica, suppresses TGF-β/Smad signaling through inducing Smad7 and inhibiting TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII in keloid fibroblasts; Asiaticoside shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer properties.
    Asiaticoside
  • HY-N0168
    Hesperetin
    		Modulator 98.87%
    Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin regulates apoptosis.
    Hesperetin
  • HY-127090
    Muramyl dipeptide
    		Activator ≥98.0%
    Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a synthetic immunoreactive peptide, consisting of N-acetyl muramic acid attached to a short amino acid chain of L-Ala-D-isoGln. Muramyl dipeptide is an inducer of bone formation through induction of Runx2. Muramyl dipeptide directly enhances osteoblast differentiation by up-regulating Runx2 gene expression through MAPK pathways. Muramyl dipeptide is a NLRP1 agonist.
    Muramyl dipeptide
  • HY-123942
    Diprovocim
    		Agonist 98.35%
    Diprovocim is a potent TLR1/TLR2 agonist. Diprovocim elicits full agonist activity in human THP-1 cells (EC50=110 pM). Diprovocim stimulates the release of TNF-α from mouse macrophages (EC50=1.3 nM). Diprovocim activates downstream MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway. Diprovocim displays strong adjuvant activity in mice, particularly abetting cellular immune responses.
    Diprovocim
  • HY-10578
    PD 169316
    		Inhibitor 98.29%
    PD 169316 is a potent, cell-permeable and selective p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 selectively inhibits the kinase activity of the phosphorylated p38 without hindering upstream kinases to phosphorylate p38. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.
    PD 169316
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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